A promotional image from the Canadian Space Agency and Government of Canada promoting Jeremy Hansen as the first Canadian to the Moon on the Artemis II mission. On the right is a profile view of Jeremy Hansen in his space helmet and space suit.
Cool Space Stuff

Canada Flies Around the Moon!

Canada Flies Around the Moon

Update 1 April 2026 08:36 a.m. CDT: The countdown is underway, and the Artemis rocket is being fueled with super-cold liquid hydrogen and oxygen in preparation for launch. Launch is still scheduled for the beginning of the launch window at 5:24 p.m. CDT. The Dome@Home online watch party (on the Museum’s Facebook page and YouTube channel) will begin at 3:00 p.m. today and feature feeds and content from across NASA and the Canadian Space Agency.

Past updates:

Update 06:48 a.m. CDT: Artemis Launch Director Charlie Blackwell-Thompson has given the GO to fuel the giant Space Launch System rocket. Over the next several hours, liquid hydrogen and oxygen will fill the orange fuel tank of the rocket’s core stage and the upper ICPS (Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Unit) stage. Launch is still targeting the beginning of the 2-hour launch window at 5:24 p.m. CDT.

Update 31 Match 2026 14:01 p.m. CDT: The Artemis II countdown continues throughout the day as launch controllers prepare NASA’s most powerful rocket ever for its Wednesday launch attempt. The two-hour launch window opens at 5:24 p.m. CDT on Wednesday, April 1st. If the launch is delayed, there are further opportunities daily until the 6th, and then another “window” opens on April 30th.

Join us for an online launch party on the Manitoba Museum’s Facebook page and YouTube channel. The event currently is scheduled to begin at 3 p.m. CDT on Wednesday, April 1st.

 


This month, if all goes well, a Canadian astronaut will fly around the Moon. The Artemis II mission, years in preparation, is set to launch NET (not earlier than) April 1, 2026 at 5:24 pm Central Daylight Time from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Aboard will be three American Astronauts and Canadian Jeremy Hansen. Scroll down for the latest updates!

 

Background

If you didn’t know we were less than two weeks away from a Canadian lunar astronaut mission, it’s not surprising. News headlines have been dominated with many other issues, but that’s not the only reason. For the first time since its formation, NASA has been very close-lipped about the dates and times of any of the events leading up to the mission. We only got possible launch dates a couple of weeks ago, when usually these would be set and released months in advance. The Canadian Space Agency has been under the news embargo as well, although they have some excellent resources on the mission background and on our astronauts.

Jeremy Hansen is a Mission Specialist on the Artemis II mission, along with American astronauts Reid Wiseman (Commander), Victor Glover (Pilot), and Christina Koch (Mission Specialist). They will spend nearly 10 days aboard their Orion spacecraft, named “Integrity”, for the first crewed launch of the giant Space Launch System rocket and Orion spacecraft. The mission will test the spacecraft in Earth orbit, and then head out on a long, looping orbit which will slingshot them around the Moon and back to Earth.

There are plenty of articles which detail the mission, Jeremy’s role, and Canadian astronaut Jenni Gibbons, who is Jeremy’s back-up for the mission. This blog will focus on the latest news on the mission and any updates we get on the timing.

Artemis II watch party promotional image with four astronauts posing for a photo wearing orange space suits. Seated, right, is Canadian astronaut Jeremy Hansen.

Artemis II Watch Party

Join us for a live-streamed Dome@Home Special Event: Artemis II Launch Party on the Museum’s Facebook page and YouTube channel. If the launch proceeds as scheduled, the event will begin at 3 p.m. CDT on Wednesday, April 1st, with launch expected at 5:24 p.m. CDT. However, the launch window is two hours long, and so if there are delays the launch might occur as late as 7:24 p.m. So again, “if” is the operative word.

Since this is the first crewed launch of a new rocket and spacecraft, though, that is a big “if”. Each month has about 6 days of possible launch dates, based on the positions of the Moon and the requirements of the orbit, sunlight angles, and so forth. It’s hard to schedule an evening event in-person at the Museum with that much uncertainty, so at this point all we can promise is an online livestream watch party. Keep checking this page for the latest updates.

Older Updates 

Update 30 Mar 2026 14:37 CDT: The countdown begins today for the April 1 launch of Artemis II! The nearly-50-hour process of preparing the rocket for launch, loading the crew, and finally launching begins at 3:44 p.m. CDT today.

Update 24 Feb 2026 08:53 CST: Launch Delayed to April. Just after completing a successful Wet Dress Rehearsal on February 20th, NASA teams found an issue with the rocket’s upper stage, the Interim Cryogenic Propulsion System (ICPS). The ICPS uses helium to pressurize the tanks and engine, and this system worked fine during the test. However, during post-test operations the helium wouldn’t flow. Unfortunately, the helium system is not accessible at the launch pad, and so the entire vehicle has to be rolled back to the Vehicle Assembly Building for troubleshooting and more testing – that is happening Wednesday, February 25th, and should take about 12 hours. Finding and fixing the issue and still making one of the possible March launch days was deemed unlikely, and so NASA has officially bumped to the April launch window. The earliest possible launch is now April 1st at 5:24 p.m. Central Time (6:24 p.m. local time at the launch site in Florida).

 

Update 20 Feb 2026 08:56 CST: Success!  Yesterday’s Artemis II rehearsal countdown was completed successfully, hopefully clearing the way for an early March launch. The nearly fifty-hour “wet dress rehearsal” saw the 98-m (322-foot) rocket fully fueled without any of troublesome hydrogen leaks seen during the first test two weeks ago. The count stopped at T-33 seconds as planned, and held there to demonstrate that even a last-minute issue with the rocket could be dealt with without a full countdown reset. And there was one – a minor issue that was dealt with and solved in about three and a half minutes, which would not have delayed a real launch. The countdown clock was then reset to T-1o minutes and the “terminal count” run a second time, this time stopping at T-29 seconds.

The test shows NASA has solved the hydrogen leak issues, but also that it can hold during the terminal countdown to deal with issues such as weather, range safety violations (like when a tourist boat sails into the restricted area), and other transitory events without delaying the launch. Each launch window is two hours long, which gives plenty of time to be able to solve issues, top up the fuel tanks again, and still head to the Moon.

The four-person crew of Artemis II – Commander Reid Wiseman, Pilot Victor Glover, Mission Specialist Kristina Koch (all NASA astronauts) and Canadian Mission Specialist Jeremy Hansen – were not involved in the test, remaining in Houston where they are preparing for a March 6 launch. Even without them, the pad crew went through the motions of closing the hatches to ensure all processes were practiced one more time.

NASA plans a press conference at 10 a.m. Central Time today to discuss the results of the test. The earliest possible launch (due to the position of the Moon, the spacecraft’s required trajectory, and requirements for reentry)  is March 6th, 2026 at 7:29 p.m. Central Time (8:29 p.m. local time at the launch site in Florida).

 

Update 18 Feb 2026 9:07 a.m. CST – Second Wet Dress Rehearsal Underway! NASA began its second dress rehearsal for the Artemis II launch yesterday on Launch Pad 39B at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Controllers were called to stations at about 7:00 p.m. Central Time for the nearly 50-hour countdown which will put the Artemis II rocket and Orion spacecraft Integrity through a full rehearsal of fueling and preparation for launch.

The Artemis II rocket sits on the launch pad during the second Wet Dress Rehearsal test. (Image: NASA)This rehearsal comes two weeks after the first attempt ended prematurely with some hydrogen leaks, a persistent issue with hydrogen-fueled rockets. Hydrogen is the smallest and lightest element, which means it can sneak through even the tightest seals to some degree.

Most of the visible action will occur on Thursday, when the rocket will be fully fueled and powered up for launch. The countdown will run until T-33 seconds, which is when the automatic launch sequence would take over the count from the human flight controllers. NASA will then run through the last ten minutes (the “terminal count”) a few times, simulating a minor delay which requires a few extra minutes to resolve.

The four-person crew – Commander Reid Wiseman, Pilot David Glover, Mission Specialist Kristina Koch, and Mission Specialist (and Canadian) Jeremy Hansen – is not involved in the test and is still in Houston. Despite this, the pad crew will still go through the motions of closing the hatches as if this was an actual launch. Depending on the results of the test, the earliest possible launch date for Artemis II is March 6, 2026 at 7:29 p.m. Central Time (8:29 p.m. local time in Florida).

Next update is expected Thursday morning, unless conditions warrant an earlier update.

 

Update 3 Feb 2026 9:29 a.m. CST – Launch delayed: Based on the results of the wet dress rehearsal yesterday (Feb 2), the launch of Artemis II has been bumped to the March launch window. This means the first possible launch will occur on March 6, 2026 at 8:29 p.m. CST. The countdown will begin roughly 48 hours before that.

 

Update 3 Feb 2026 9:29 a.m. CST – Launch delayed: Based on the results of the wet dress rehearsal yesterday (Feb 2), the launch of Artemis II has been bumped to the March launch window. This means the first possible launch will occur on March 6, 2026 at 8:29 p.m. CST. The countdown will begin roughly 48 hours before that.

 

Update 2026 Feb. 2 12:43 p.m. CST: Did I post too soon? Hydrogen flow stopped “for troubleshooting”; liquid oxygen flow continues.

 

Update 2026 Feb 2 12:02 p.m. CST: They are now starting to chill down the ICPS, the Interim Cryogenic Propulsion System – the second stage of the SLS Block I. This involves feeding a bit of the super-cold hydrogen and oxygen into the tanks, so that the warm tanks don’t boil off too much as they fill. We do the same thing at the Science Gallery when we use liquid nitrogen.

That seems to indicate that the fueling of the big orange stage one tank went well? That was an issue on Artemis I – dealing with hydrogen is hard, since it is the smallest element in the periodic table and can leak through almost any other substance. So maybe no news is good news?

 

Update 2026 Feb 2 11:25 a.m. CST: Go for tanking! The Artemis II rocket is being fueled in today’s wet dress rehearsal, which is targeting a *simulated* launch window at 8:00 p.m. CST tonight. They will count all the way down to T-33 seconds, fueling the rocket and doing everything except putting the crew on board. They’ll count all the way down to T-33 seconds, then rest the clock for T-10 minutes and do it again. This simulates the need to delay the launch for a while due to things like weather or a small glitch that they need a few minutes to deal with. Each launch window is two hours long, so they have some wiggle room.

If all goes well in today’s test, NASA is targeting Sunday, February 8 at 10:20 p.m. CST for the launch of Jeremy Hansen and the rest of the Artemis II crew on their 1-day mission around the Moon. Stay tuned!

 

Update 2026 Feb 2 9:24 a.m. CST: Wet Dress Rehearsal Underway! The Wet Dress Rehearsal, the last major test of the SLS rocket and Orion spacecraft before launch, began at 8:13 p.m. on January 31, 2026. The “interesting” bits will be occurring today (Feb 2, 2026) as they decide whether they can fuel the rocket or not. Looking at the cold, they may not, which would delay the test and push the launch to the March launch window. Waiting to see!

 

UPDATE 2026 Jan 30 1:14 p.m. CST: The Artemis Wet Dress Rehearsal has been delayed due to a cold front rolling through Florida over the next few days. The last major test is now scheduled for Feb. 2, which means the earliest launch opportunity has slipped to February 8th at 10:20 p.m. CST.

 

Update 28 Jan 2026 09:40 am CST

As of now, the giant SLS rocket and Orion spacecraft is sitting on the launch pad, awaiting the final test, known as the “wet dress rehearsal”. This is a complete countdown rehearsal from L-10 hours and 40 minutes, including fueling the rocket with cryogenic (supercold) hydrogen and oxygen (hence “wet”). The crew does not board the rocket, and they go all the way down to 33 seconds, when the computer would take over the automated launch sequence. This makes sure there are no leaks, that all the batteries and communications work, and that everything is safe to put humans on top of the rocket. A day or so after the wet dress rehearsal, they will do it all again for real.

As of this writing the wet dress rehearsal is scheduled for January 31, which should leave plenty of time for a February 6 launch. So, as things stand launch will occur at 8:41 pm CST on February 6. But this is of course subject to change, based on any troubles in the dress rehearsal or any other technical or weather issues on launch day.

 

 

Scott Young

Scott Young

Planetarium Astronomer

Scott is the Planetarium Astronomer at the Manitoba Museum, developing astronomy and science programs. He has been an informal science educator for more than thirty years, working in the planetarium and science centre field. Scott is an active amateur astronomer and a past-President of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. He hosts Dome@Home, the Manitoba Museum’s award-winning online astronomy show.

The Many Sides of Glass

In our everyday lives, glass tends to be categorized as a basic material that can be used for many things such as windows, cups, cellphone screens, doors, and pickle jars. Glass is a fan favourite material for recyclers, up cyclers, and mother nature in general, and truly has many different purposes. The glass collection in the Manitoba Museum is filled with a historic variety of objects throughout time, but there are some interesting secrets in this collection and the challenges that come with its preservation.

Two photos, one above the other. Top, glass bottles in a storage container, the centre two glowing yellow under a black light. Bottom, glass lamp bases on a museum collections storage shelf, one of which glows a vibrant yellow-green under a black light.

You would never know at first glance, but the unassuming glass objects in the images on the right are glowing because they are radioactive. In some historic glass objects, uranium was added during the manufacturing process to give glass a fluorescent appearance or colouring effect. How do we know it has uranium in its make-up? We set the mood in the room like a late-night bowling alley and hit those objects with a black light! The glowing fluorescence under blacklight is indicative that there is uranium, and although considered to be radioactive, exposure to these collections is safe for staff as the measured concentration is very low.

 

Images: Glass bottles and glass lamp bases in the Museum Collection viewed under a black light. Not everything that glows under UV contains uranium. Manganese in glass can glow a dull not very bright green, cadmium can also be found which can glow yellow to orange. If selenium is added to glass it will glow pink and lead sometimes can glow blue!

Did you know that there is also something called glass disease? Not in the viral sense, but this descriptive term is given to glass objects that show a few irreversible degradation signs. Glass disease can look like a rainbow effect on clear glass as you spin it in the light, it can make glass tacky or sticky, there might be a hazy cloudy appearance, and in some cases such as glass beads, the glass will split or physically breakdown. The root cause of glass disease in an object is that poor quality materials went into its manufacture and with time and shifts in fluctuating environmental conditions such as higher relativity humidity, the salts in the glass begin to leach to the surface creating all the oddities described above.

Close-up on a piece of floral beadwork. A section of the beads, particularly a group of purple ones, have taken on a hazy, clouded appearance.

An example of glass disease that has developed on a piece of beadwork in the collection.

Microscopic image of broken and hazy light blue glass beads.

Microscopic image of glass disease on historic glass beads.

The last and somewhat unfortunate part of glass is when two sides need to be put back together if there is an accident. Glass is a very challenging material to repair due to its refractive index. What does this mean? It means that when light hits the glass where the break has occurred, air can get trapped between the two joints, and the light shines in a different direction through the clear surface, making it visible where the crack or break happened. Conservators use optically matched adhesives and epoxies to repair glass objects to try to minimize this refractive index magic, but it is very difficult to make a completely seamless repair.

A wide necked glass bottle with a chunk broken off the top and laying beside the bottle.

A glass bottle in the collection before conservation treatment for its broken section and cracked portion.

The same wide-necked glass bottle with the broken section reattached to the neck. The crack of the break is still visible.

The same glass bottle after conservation treatment. While the broken section has been repaired, the crack and location of the original break are still visible.

Our glass and ceramics storage vault holds a lot of fun histories and secrets that we continue to passionately study. The next time you look at a glass object, remember, you never know what it might be hiding!

Carolyn Sirett

Carolyn Sirett

Senior Conservator

Carolyn Sirett received her B.A. in Anthropology from the University of Manitoba, Diploma in Cultural Resource Management from the University of Victoria, and Diploma in Collections Conservation and Management…
Meet Carolyn Sirett

Weird and Wonderful Fossils at the Manitoba Museum

Temporary display features remarkable fossils and new research from the Burgess Shale.

When we think of fossils, dinosaur bones, mammoth tusks, or the corals and shells seen in Winnipeg Tyndall stone building blocks might come to mind. These creatures had hard, mineralized body parts which are resistant to decay and can be readily preserved. However, under rare circumstances, traces of the soft tissues of organisms, such as eyes, guts, and nervous systems, can be fossilized too!

Two curving and barbed claws fossilized on a piece of dark grey stone.

A pair of claws of Anomalocaris canadensis. When first found, they were thought to be the body of a shrimp, until more complete specimens were uncovered. Photo by Jean-Bernard Caron © Royal Ontario Museum.

Aqua-coloured digital reconstruction of an aquatic predator with two long curving, barbed claws on the front of its face and a round, toothy mouth below.

Reconstruction of Anomalocaris canadensis, which was one of the top predators of its age, reaching up to a metre in length! Art by Marianne Collins © Royal Ontario Museum.

A smiling Dr. Joe Moysiuk wearing a white hard hat and sunglasses poses on the ground next to a fossil specimen on an embedded rock.

One of the most famous sites where this sort of exceptional fossil preservation can be found is the Burgess Shale, located in Yoho and Kootenay National Parks, British Columbia. This fossil deposit dates back about 506 million years, to the dawn of animal life on Earth.

This year only, come and see a selection of some of the strangest fossils ever recovered from the Burgess Shale on display at the Manitoba Museum. From Anomalocaris canadensis – which was first thought to be multiple different animals until scientists pieced its remains back together – to Mosura fentoni – a three-eyed oddity which was recently named by Manitoba Museum and Royal Ontario Museum researchers.

 

Image: Dr. Joe Moysiuk, Curator of Palaeontology and Geology at the Manitoba Museum, discovering a specimen of Mosura fentoni at the Burgess Shale. © Joe Moysiuk

Two photographs of a Mosura fentoni fossil specimen under different lighting conditions The left photo shows the general outline of the specimen with a rounded abdomen and bulby head and tail ends. The right side shows the brain and circulatory system within the fossil.

Specimen of Mosura fentoni, photographed under different lighting conditions. Left photo shows the body outline while right one shows details of the brain and circulatory system! Photos by Jean-Bernard Caron © Royal Ontario Museum.

Artist's rendering of Mosura fentoni in life. The underwater creature has two long limbs covered in spines pointing out in front of it, three eyes, and a number of fin-like swimming flaps along the sides of its body.

Reconstruction of Mosura fentoni, which was named in 2025. Its name was inspired by its moth-like appearance, in reference to the Japanese movie monster Mothra! Art by Danielle Dufault © Royal Ontario Museum.

The exhibit “Weird wonders from the dawn of complex life” is on display in the Museum foyer and is FREE to view! While you’re visiting, come and check out other new additions to the Galleries, such as our Ice Age mural, a brand-new installation in the Earth History Gallery.

Plan your visit

Dr. Joe Moysiuk

Dr. Joe Moysiuk

Curator of Palaeontology & Geology

Joe Moysiuk recently completed his doctoral dissertation at the University of Toronto and Royal Ontario Museum. His expertise centers on the oldest animal fossils and insights they provide about the evolution…
Meet Dr. Joe Moysiuk

Museum Stories: DYK Discovery

The Sky for January 2026

Manitoba’s January skies are usually cold if they are clear, and the long winter nights make stargazing easier. You don’t need to stay up late to spot Orion and his retinue of winter constellations rising in the east after dark, and the crisp winter air can provide remarkably clear views for users of telescopes and binoculars.

Although this article focuses on events visible in Manitoba, most events will also be visible across Canada and most places in the mid-northern hemisphere.

 

The Solar System for January 2026

Mercury is too close to the Sun to be easily seen from Manitoba this month, although more southerly viewers might catch it very low in the southeast just before sunrise during the first few days of the month. It reaches superior conjunction (in line with and just below the Sun) on January 21st, 2026.

Venus has disappeared into the sun’s glare as well, passing its superior conjunction on January 6th, 2026. It will reappear in the evening sky early in the spring of 2026.

Mars is still too close to the Sun to be visible this month. It passes behind the sun and reaches superior conjunction on January 9th, 2026.

Jupiter is the planetary highlight of the month. The giant planet is low in the east at sunset and is visible all night, rising high into the south and then lower into the northwest by sunrise. Jupiter reaches opposition on January 10th, the date when it is opposite the Sun in the sky. This is also when Jupiter appears near its brightest and largest as seen from Earth, so it’s a great time to break out the binoculars or telescope and take a look.

Even a small telescope will show Jupiter as a tiny planet with several tinier “stars” in a line near it – these are Jupiter’s largest moons. Up to four of them can be seen, depending on where they are in their orbit around the giant planet. Often these moons can be glimpsed in binoculars as well.

Saturn is in the south, a third of the way up the sky, as darkness falls. It sets before midnight in the southwest, so catch it early if you want to spot it. Saturn’s rings are nearly edge-on to our line of sight, making them nearly invisible in a telescope. The Moon is nearby on January 22nd and 23rd, 2026.

Uranus is in the evening sky a few degrees below the famous Pleaides star cluster (also known as the Seven Sisters). It is too faint to easily see without binoculars, and even a telescope shows it as a faint dot that looks just like the other faint stars. A detailed star-charting app like Stellarium or the charts in the Observer’s Handbook is required to track it down.

Neptune requires good binoculars or a small telescope to even spot, and a large telescope to make it out as anything more than a faint dot. It spends the month near Saturn, though, which makes it easier to track down than usual. As with Uranus, a detailed star chart like those in the Observer’s Handbook or produced software by Stellarium is required to tell which tiny “dot” is Neptune.

Of the five known dwarf planets, only (1) Ceres is close enough to be seen in binoculars or a small telescope. Ceres has faded below easy visibility in binoculars for the year, but will brighten again beginning in late 2026.

Jupiter and its moons as seen through a backyard telescope. (Image credit: Planetarium Astronomer Scott Young)

Planetary Spotlight: Jupiter

Jupiter is probably the best planet for amateur astronomers. Being the largest planet, we can see details in the cloud tops (Jupiter is a gas giant planet, and so the “surface” we see is actually the top of the  atmosphere). Its four brightest moons are visible in any telescope, and even in binoculars if you can hold them steady enough (try bracing your arms against your body or the arms of a reclining lawn chair, or mount the binoculars on a tripod).

Seeing detail on Jupiter does require some practice, though. The first time you look at Jupiter up close, you’ll probably see a bright white “star” with a few fainter “stars” lined up with it. Don’t just take a quick peek and give up, though. Your eyes will see more if you keep looking. Eventually you’ll see that the bright “star” isn’t a point of light, but a tiny globe. You’ll start to notice some dark lines running across it – those are the big equatorial cloud bands that circle the planet.

The more often you look at Jupiter through a telescope, the more you will see. Our eyes aren’t very good at looking at tiny images through a small tube. It takes practice to train your eye and brain. The tenth night you look at Jupiter, you will see much more than you did on the first night. You can also put your camera at the eyepiece to snap a picture. It takes practice to make it work, but you can get great images through a telescope with just a cell phone or point-and-shoot camera.

Sky Calendar for January 2026

All times are given in Central Standard Time, the local time for Manitoba. However, most of these events are visible across Canada at the same local time without adjusting for time zones.

If there’s a little box to the left of the date, you can click on it to see a star map of that event! All images are created using Stellarium, the free planetarium software.

Friday, January 2nd, 2026: First Friday at the Manitoba Museum includes free telescope viewing this month (weather permitting). Telescopes will be set up outside the Planetarium dome from 6:30 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. for views of the Full Moon and the planets Jupiter and Saturn. Dress warmly!

The Full Moon and Jupiter rise side by side among the stars of Gemini the Twins on January 3rd, 2026.

Saturday, January 3rd, 2026: Full Moon, appearing near Jupiter in the sky. Since Jupiter is near opposition, and the Full Moon is basically what happens when the Moon reaches its own “opposition” (the point opposite the Sun in the sky), this make sense!

Saturday evening is also the peak of the annual Quadrantid meteor shower, but with the full moon and the timing this isn’t a great year for it. You might see a handful of meteors after sunset tonight, but the Moon will overwhelm most of them.

Tuesday, January 6th, 2026: Venus reaches superior conjunction, passing around the far side of the Sun as seen from Earth.

Friday, January 9th, 2026: Mars reaches superior conjunction, passing around the far side of the Sun as seen from Earth.

Saturday, January 10th, 2026: Jupiter reaches opposition, about 634 million kilometers away from Earth. Today is also the Last Quarter Moon.

Sunday, January 18th, 2026: New Moon

Wednesday, January 21st, 2026: The planet Mercury reaches superior conjunction, passing around the far side of the Sun. If this text sounds familiar, it’s because it is the third planet to pass superior conjunction this month – nothing more than a coincidence of cycles that have been going on for billions of years.

The crescent Moon is to the right of Saturn in the southwest on the evening of January 22nd, 2026.Thursday, January 22nd, 2026: The Moon is to the right of Saturn tonight in the early evening sky.

The crescent Moon is above Saturn in the southwest on the evening of January 23rd, 2026.Friday, January 23rd, 2026: The Moon is to the left of Saturn tonight in the early evening sky.

A binocular view of the Moon beside the Pleiades star cluster on the evening of January 27th, 2026. The view shown is at 6 p.m. Central Time.Tuesday, January 27th, 2026: The Moon is beside the Pleaides star cluster this evening. It is closest at dusk, but the Moon’s orbital motion moves it farther away from the star cluster even as the Earth’s rotation carries them both higher into the sky. (The accompanying chart shows the view at 6 p.m., Central time; the Moon will move farther to the left about its own diameter every hour relative to the background stars.)

Wednesday, January 28th, 2026: Mercury and Venus pass close to each other, but this occurs far too close to the Sun to be visible.

Saturday, December 27th, 2025: First Quarter Moon

People stare up at the northern lights above them.

Other Celestial Sights

Outside of the events listed above, there are other things we see in the sky that can’t always be predicted in advance.

Aurora borealis, the northern lights, are becoming a more common sight again as the Sun goes through the maximum of its 11-year cycle of activity. Particles from the Sun interact with the Earth’s magnetic field and the high upper atmosphere to create glowing curtains of light around the north (and south) magnetic poles of the planet. Manitoba is well-positioned relative to the north magnetic pole to see these displays often, but they still can’t be forecast very far in advance. A site like Space Weather can provide updates on solar activity and aurora forecasts for the next 48 hours. The best way to see the aurora is to spend a lot of time out under the stars, so that you are there when they occur.

Random meteors (also known as falling or shooting stars) occur every clear night at the rate of about 5-10 per hour. Most people don’t see them because of light pollution from cities, or because they don’t watch the sky uninterrupted for an hour straight. They happen so quickly that a single glance down at your phone or exposure to light can make you miss one.

Satellites are becoming extremely common sights in the hours after sunset and before dawn. Appearing as a moving star that takes a few minutes to cross the sky, they appear seemingly out of nowhere. These range from the International Space Station and Chinese space station Tianhe, which have people living on them full-time, to remote sensing and spy satellites, to burnt-out rocket parts and dead satellites. The most common sightings are Starlink satellites, which are being launched dozens at a time to bring internet to remote regions, but which cause trouble with astronomy and pollution. These can be predicted in advance (or identified after the fact) using a site like Heavens Above by selecting your location.

Scott Young

Scott Young

Planetarium Astronomer

Scott is the Planetarium Astronomer at the Manitoba Museum, developing astronomy and science programs. He has been an informal science educator for more than thirty years, working in the planetarium and science centre field. Scott is an active amateur astronomer and a past-President of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. He hosts Dome@Home, the Manitoba Museum’s award-winning online astronomy show.

Our Favourite Things at the Manitoba Museum Shop

The holiday season is upon us once again! Are you looking for unique ideas for loved ones in your life? For gifts ranging from STEM kits for young learners to unique Manitoban-made jewelry, look no further than the Manitoba Museum Shop! We’ve gathered a few of our favourite things for everyone on your list!

Two red Manitoba Museum Membership cards alongside a red felt stocking decoration.

Our Favourite for Epic Fun All Year Long

Give the gift of epic fun! A Manitoba Museum Membership is so much more than just unlimited admission to the Museum Galleries, Planetarium, and Science Gallery. Museum Members enjoy many benefits throughout the year: Member-only events; deals at local businesses; discounted memberships at organizations such as Fort Whyte and the Children’s Museum; and more! Plus, Members always receive 10% off at the Museum Shop!

And, all Manitoba Museum Memberships are 25% off until January 4, 2026!

Gift a Membership

Our Favourites for Book Lovers

Did you know that the Manitoba Museum has a collection of publications for every reader on your list? For your budding botanist, check out the newly released Manitoba Flora, a guide to our province’s plant-life compiled by Museum Curator Dr. Diana Bizecki Robson; for the younger language learners, be sure to check out the “Do’s and Don’ts of Anishinaabe” colouring book; and for those who love historical non-fiction, learn the remarkable story of the Nonsuch, the ship that launched an empire – available in both paperback and hard cover.

 

Buy Manitoba Flora: $35.99

Buy Do’s and Don’ts of Anishinaabe: $8.95

Buy The Nonsuch: Paperback: $14.95; buy The Nonsuch: Hard cover: $19.95

Three books in a row on a white background:
Three bags of loose lead tea from Cornelia Bean in Manitoba Museum themed flavours - Aurora Borealis, Nonsuch, and Prairie Grove. In front of the teas are three candles from Leilani Candle Collection in scents of the same themes.

Our Favourites for Cozy Afternoons

The weather outside may be frightful, but your loved one can stay warm with this gift! We’ve teamed up with local tea shop, Cornelia Bean, to create a line of custom loose-leaf teas. Pair your tea with a complementary candle by local candle maker, Leilani Candle Collection!

Museum Teas: $15.99
Museum Candles: $29.99

Shop tea and candles

Be sure to stop by the Manitoba Museum Shop before December 24 to take advantage of our annual Holiday Sale – 15% off everything in store, 25% off for Museum Members! Our Pop-Up Shop is located next to our temporary Box Office in Festival Hall.

 

You can also find our full stock of gifts online at ManitobaMuseumShop.ca. Happy Shopping!

Museum Stories: DYK Discovery

Geminid Meteor Shower 2025

What is a meteor shower?

Well, first, a meteor is a flash of light we see in the sky, often called a “shooting star” or “falling star”. They’re not stars at all, though – they are tiny pieces of space dust crashing into the Earth as it orbits the Sun. When the dust (called a “meteoroid” when it’s still out in space) hits the Earth’s atmosphere, friction causes the dust to burn up and create a tunnel of glowing air as it travels.

There’s dust scattered throughout space, left over from the formation of the solar system, and so on any given night you might see a meteor or three. If you were in perfectly dark skies and watched the entire sky for an entire hour, you might see a half-dozen meteors an hour on any given night.

But just like dust in your house, there are places in space where there is more dust than average. One of those places is in the orbit of a comet. A comet is a small body made of dust and ice that orbits the Sun. If a comet’s orbit brings it close enough to the Sun, it starts to melt and the dust forms a long tail behind it. This dust fades away fairly quickly, but it’s still out there in the comet’s orbital path. If that orbital path comes close to the Earth’s orbit, we can run through a big clump of comet dust on the same night each year. That’s a meteor shower.

 

What are the Geminids?

The Geminid meteor shower is an annual event that peaks around December 13-14 each year. It’s an unusual meteor shower, in that it’s not in the orbit of a comet, but of an asteroid: asteroid (3200) Phaethon. (Maybe Phaethon used to be a comet but the ice has all melted, so it’s just dust. We’re not sure.)

Phaethon has an unusual orbit that takes it very close to the Sun, closer then Mercury, before looping out to the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Phaethon’s orbit also comes in at a steep angle compared to the rest of the planets, which is one of the reasons the Geminids are a great meteor shower (more on this later).

On an average year, you can expect to see a meteor a minute or so in the couple of hours between 11 pm and 1 am local time. That’s pretty good – most “meteor showers” are really more of a trickle, with only a dozen or so meteors per *hour*. So, one a minute is a “shower”, relatively speaking. And, almost alone among meteor showers, the peak of activity occurs in the middle of the night, around local midnight, when the constellation Gemini is high in the sky. This is because of the high angle that the meteor orbits make with the plane of the Earth’s orbit. Most meteor showers don’t peak until just before dawn, so they are much less convenient to watch.

 

How do I see the Geminids in 2025?

Meteor observing involves a lot of laying around and just looking at the sky. You don’t need (or want!) a telescope for this – meteors can happen anywhere in the sky, so you need the wide field of view that your unaided eyes provide. Your most useful piece of equipment is a reclining lawn chair so you can lay back and not be on the cold ground. A blanket or three and a thermos of a warm beverage is also a good addition.

The most important thing is to travel to a location where there are no competing lights, and to keep your eyes dark-adapted. Pick a spot in advance: a park, a parking lot, or some other place where you’re not on private property. (DO NOT just pull over to the side of the highway – not only will passing headlights ruin your night vision, but wandering around in the dark near the road is dangerous.)

Once you find a dark spot, you need to keep it dark. That means to turn off your car. This is especially important in a place where other observers have gathered, since your headlights will ruin everyone else’s  view if you leave them on. And, put your phone away. Our eyes take a good five or more minutes to get fully dark-adapted, but as soon as you see a bright-ish light, they immediately flip to “day” mode and you need to re-adapt all over again. Every time a phone turns on in your field of view, even just for a second, you will miss about 10%-15% of the meteors that hour. Don’t drive out of town in the cold and then waste your time doomscrolling instead of watching the sky!

 

When is the best time to look?

The Geminids slowly ramp up through December to their peak on the 13th-14th, and then decline over the next week or so. Best views will be between about 11pm and 2am on the night of Saturday, December 13th, 2025 and into the morning of Sunday, December 14th, 2025. During peak times, the rate from a really dark sky could be as high as 120 or more an hour – that’s an average of two every minute! Earlier in the evening and after the peak, rates will be about half that number. The night before and the night after will still have reasonable activity, perhaps 1/3 to 1/2 the numbers seen at the peak (so, 40-60 per hour). Before and after that, the rates decline sharply. So, we really want clear skies from December 12-15 this year!

(I guess that should be made clear: if it’s cloudy, you won’t see any, since meteors all burn up much higher in the atmosphere than the clouds.)

Remember, any lights you can see will turn off your eyes’ night mode. So, turn off your car headlights or cover them with a blanket. Keep your phone hidden so you don’t lose your darkvision every time a notification comes in. Dress warmly – a clear December night in Manitoba is going to be frigid! Make sure you are in a place where you are secure. Make sure your vehicle is up to winter driving, and that someone knows where you are if your car doesn’t start. (Don’t depend on a cell phone to call for help – cell service tends to fade in remote areas, and batteries die quickly in the cold.)

The Geminids are a great skywatching event – a relaxed event, no specialized equipment required, and you get to sit and watch the stars while waiting for the next meteor. You can even count meteors for science to help astronomers understand the swarm of particles from this unusual asteroid.

If the weather is clear, we will be attempting a live-stream of the Geminid meteor shower on Saturday night. Follow the Manitoba Museum on Facebook or YouTube to watch – if you “like” or “subscribe” you’ll get a notification when the stream goes live.

Clear Skies!

Scott Young

Scott Young

Planetarium Astronomer

Scott is the Planetarium Astronomer at the Manitoba Museum, developing astronomy and science programs. He has been an informal science educator for more than thirty years, working in the planetarium and science centre field both at The Manitoba Museum and also at the Alice G. Wallace Planetarium in Fitchburg, Massachusetts. Scott is an active amateur astronomer and a past-President of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada.

The Sky for December 2025

December brings us to the arbitrary “end” of our calendar cycle, one of the few calendar events that aren’t astronomically based. While the number of days in a year comes from the amount of time it takes Earth to revolve around the Sun, there is nothing special about December 31st to mark the “end” of anything.

Because it does mark the last month of the year, though, it’s a good time to look ahead at what’s coming for the next orbit. It’s also the first month this year to be fully back on Standard Time after the Daylight Savings Time excursion of the summer. Finally, December hosts the best meteor shower of the year, the Geminids, which peaks on the evening of the 13th and morning of the 14th in a mostly moonless sky.

 

The Solar System for December 2025

Mercury begins its best morning appearance of the year, but it still isn’t great for those living in northerly latitudes. It’s at its brightest at the beginning of the month, about 10 degrees above the south-eastern horizon just before dawn, but fades and sinks lower into the twilight over the next few weeks. A clear sky, unobstructed horizon, and perhaps binoculars will be needed to pick it out of the brightening dawn.

Venus sinks into the morning twilight during the first few days of December and is invisible for the rest of this month. It passes between us and the Sun early in 2026, thereafter appearing in the evening sky.

Mars is too close to the Sun to be visible this month.

Jupiter rises soon after sunset in the east-northeast and is visible all night, rising high into the south and then lower into the northwest by sunrise. It is near the two bright stars Castor and Pollux in Gemini, Even a small telescope will show Jupiter as a tiny planet with several tinier “stars” in a line near it – these are Jupiter’s largest moons. Up to four of them can be seen, depending on where they are in their orbit around the giant planet. Often these moons can be glimpsed in binoculars as well.

Saturn is in the southeast as darkness falls, the brightest “star” in that area of the sky and well-placed for telescope viewing. Saturn’s rings are nearly edge-on to our line of sight, making them nearly invisible in a telescope.

Uranus is in the evening sky a few degrees below the famous Pleaides star cluster (also known as the Seven Sisters). It is too faint to easily see without binoculars, and even a telescope shows it as a faint dot that looks just like the other faint stars. A detailed star-charting app like Stellarium or the charts in the Observer’s Handbook is required to track it down.

Neptune requires good binoculars or a small telescope to even spot, and a large telescope to make it out as anything more than a faint dot. As with Uranus, a detailed star chart like those in the Observer’s Handbook or produced software by Stellarium is required to tell which tiny “dot” is Neptune.

Of the five known dwarf planets, only (1) Ceres is close enough to be seen in binoculars or a small telescope. Ceres has faded below easy visibility in binoculars for the year, but will brighten again beginning in late 2026.

The Geminid Meteor Shower

The annual Geminid meteor shower is the best meteor shower of the year, and this year is a perfect year for it. The peak of the event occurs with the Moon mostly out of the sky, so if you drive away from any more local light pollution (like city lights), you can have a dark sky full of stars, and see the best that this shower has to offer.

For details on how to observe this event, check out Scott’s latest blog here.

 

Sky Calendar for December 2025

All times are given in Central Standard Time, the local time for Manitoba. However, most of these events are visible across Canada at the same local time without adjusting for time zones.

If there’s a little box to the left of the date, you can click on it to see a star map of that event! All images are created using Stellarium, the free planetarium software.

Thursday, December 4th, 2025: Full Moon, occurring just 12 hours after the Moon’s closest point to the Earth in its orbit, a so-called “supermoon”. The difference in size between a “super” moon and a “mini” moon (when the moon is farthest from Earth) is not really noticeable, but the brightness increase may be detectable by careful observers.

Sunday, December 7th, 2025: The waning gibbous Moon forms a nice grouping with Jupiter and the bright stars Castor and Pollux.

Monday, December 8th, 2025: The waning gibbous Moon has passed Jupiter but still is close enough to draw the eye.

Tuesday, December 9th-Wednesday, December 10th, 2026: The Moon occults (eclipses) the bright star Regulus in Leo for much of Canada except the south. In Winnipeg, the Moon skims just north of the bright star, but observers in the northern Interlake and northern Manitoba will see the Moon cover up the star briefly just after midnight. Details for various cities across Canada can be found at the International Occultation Timing Association. (“ZC1487” is a catalogue number referring to Regulus.)

Thursday, December 11th, 2025: Last Quarter Moon

Saturday, December 13th-Sunday, December 14th, 2025 (morning sky): The annual Geminid meteor shower peaks. Decent views are available the night before and after. The Moon is a waning crescent and doesn’t rise until nearly 2 a.m. so it won’t interfere with viewing.

Wednesday, Dec. 17th (morning sky): The thin crescent Moon is about level with Mercury, low in the southeast just before sunrise.

Friday, December 19th, 2025 (morning sky): New Moon

Sunday, December 21st, 2025: Winter Solstice occurs at 9:03 a.m. CST. This marks the first day of winter in the northern hemisphere, astronomically speaking. (The weather tends not to pay attention to the astronomical definitions, of course – it’s just a point in time that can be predicted accurately.)

Monday, December 22nd, 2025 (morning sky): Ursid meteor shower peaks. Usually a minor shower, this shower can still produce 5-10 meteors per hour in the few hours before dawn. It has produced occasional outburst of activity, though, up to 25 meteors per hour for short periods, in a way we can’t yet predict.

Friday, December 26th, 2025: the nearly-first-quarter Moon is near Saturn in the evening sky.

Saturday, December 27th, 2025: First Quarter Moon.

People stare up at the northern lights above them.

Outside of the regular events listed above, there are other things we see in the sky that can’t always be predicted in advance.

Aurora borealis, the northern lights, are becoming a more common sight again as the Sun goes through the maximum of its 11-year cycle of activity. Particles from the Sun interact with the Earth’s magnetic field and the high upper atmosphere to create glowing curtains of light around the north (and south) magnetic poles of the planet. Manitoba is well-positioned relative to the north magnetic pole to see these displays often, but they still can’t be forecast very far in advance. A site like Space Weather can provide updates on solar activity and aurora forecasts for the next 48 hours. The best way to see the aurora is to spend a lot of time out under the stars, so that you are there when they occur.

Random meteors (also known as falling or shooting stars) occur every clear night at the rate of about 5-10 per hour. Most people don’t see them because of light pollution from cities, or because they don’t watch the sky uninterrupted for an hour straight. They happen so quickly that a single glance down at your phone or exposure to light can make you miss one.

Satellites are becoming extremely common sights in the hours after sunset and before dawn. Appearing as a moving star that takes a few minutes to cross the sky, they appear seemingly out of nowhere. These range from the International Space Station and Chinese space station Tianhe, which have people living on them full-time, to remote sensing and spy satellites, to burnt-out rocket parts and dead satellites. These can be predicted in advance (or identified after the fact) using a site like Heavens Above by selecting your location.

Scott Young

Scott Young

Planetarium Astronomer

Scott is the Planetarium Astronomer at the Manitoba Museum, developing astronomy and science programs. He has been an informal science educator for more than thirty years, working in the planetarium and science centre field both at The Manitoba Museum and also at the Alice G. Wallace Planetarium in Fitchburg, Massachusetts. Scott is an active amateur astronomer and a past-President of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada.

Red River Portrait: Andrew McDermot meets Paul Kane

The Canadian artist Paul Kane was famous for his renditions of the people of the Prairies in the mid-1800s. Though the Manitoba Museum has a number of items that Kane collected during his travels, only recently have we been able to acquire and exhibit one of his original paintings. Even better, it’s a portrait of the almost-as-famous Andrew McDermot, the Red River merchant, landowner, and fur trader after which McDermot Avenue in downtown Winnipeg is named.

The availability of this small but vital painting first came to our attention in 2021. It had recently been purchased at an auction in Europe by a private collector. After considerable research by scholars and appraisers, and detailed analysis by the Canadian Conservation Institute, the Museum was able to acquire the painting with the assistance of the Department of Canadian Heritage. It has been on exhibit for the public in the Prairies Gallery at the Manitoba Museum since 2023.

Andrew McDermot and Sarah McNab

Black and white photograph of an older man wearing a bow tie over a white shirt with a dark suit jacket. His white hair sticks out a bit past his ears.

McDermot was born and joined the Hudson’s Bay Company as a young man. He turned up in Red River in 1812. A few years later he was wed to Sarah McNab (1802 – 1875), who was from Berens River. She was the daughter of Thomas McNab, a Metis HBC officer, and his Anishinaabe wife Mary. Sarah and Andrew had seventeen children. Central figures in the Red River Settlement, McDermot and McNab lived at Emerald Lodge at what is now McDermot Avenue. Their general store sold everything a person could need, and much more besides. McDermot was also a shrewd dealer in furs and land, and the couple quickly became wealthy.

 

Image: Andrew McDermot in later life. Archives of Manitoba N12801.

Black and white photograph of an older lady wearing a bulky shawl wrapped over her upper body and a kerchief over her white hair.

Sarah McNab in later life. From an obituary of McDermot, it was said of Sarah: “She was a woman of great force of character and corresponding influence on the career of her husband.”

Block and white photograph of a long, two-storied wooden building. In the foreground is a wooden canoe.

Andrew McDermot’s general store at the Red River settlement, 1858. Archives of Manitoba, Hime 14, RPC-1205.

A painting of a red-haired man from chest up. His sideburns grow down to his chin. He looks off frame, wearing a dark brimmed hat, a blue shirt, brown vest, and pale neck kerchief.

Paul Kane’s portrait of Andrew McDermot, with his characteristic red hair and intense glare, was likely painted in 1849, when Kane spent six weeks at the Red River Settlement. At this time McDermot’s business was thriving and he had taken on a political role at the Council of Assiniboia. He owned two watermills, imported livestock, and had York boat brigades transporting goods from the north. He openly challenged the HBC by fighting for the rights of free traders like himself. He seems like a person of boundless energy and wit.

 

Image: Portrait of Andrew McDermot, by Paul Kane, 1849. Oil and graphite on paperboard, 14 x 12.2 cm. H9-39-980. Purchased with the assistance of a Moveable Cultural Property grant accorded by the Department of Canadian Heritage under the terms of the Cultural Property Export and Import Act. Photograph copyright Manitoba Museum. 

Winnipeg officially became a city at the end of 1873, and in 1875 Andrew donated part of his land to the Winnipeg General Hospital (now the Health Sciences Centre) and Post Office.

Paul Kane

Painting of a man from mid-chest up, looking directly at the viewer. He has textured red hair past his ears and a medium-length beard. He wears a black leather cap and a double-breasted coat.

Paul Kane self-portrait, ca. 1848. Oil and graphite on paperboard. 20.6 x 17 cm, #31.78.197, Stark Museum of Art, Orange, Texas.

Close-up on a quillwork horse bridle and a shirt with quillwork detailing in a display case in the Prairies Gallery.

Quillwork horse bridle and man’s war shirt from the early 1800s, on exhibit in the Prairies Gallery at the Manitoba Museum. Paul Kane was fascinated by the incredible art of First Nations and collected items from people as he travelled across the west in the 1840s. H4-4-10, H4-43-1

Few Canadian historical painters are as thoroughly researched as Paul Kane. To sum up his life and work quickly, he was born in Ireland in 1810, and immigrated to Toronto with his parents when he was 10 years old. He was a self-taught artist, and was eventually able to conduct his European Grand Tour, a must for any serious aspiring European artist at the time. This took him to Italy, Switzerland, France and England. On his return to Canada, he was inspired to conduct travels in the West and paint First Nations and Métis individuals and cultural scenes. Throughout his travels in the 1840s, he painted hundreds of small sketches of people he met along the way, including Andrew McDermot. Kane returned to Toronto and began a huge cycle of 100 paintings depicting Indigenous cultures of the Northwest. These large oils incorporated the dramatic elements of European painting, while the material culture depicted was often copied from items he had collected on his journeys. But his small field sketches, mostly portraits, reveal much more about the real people of the west, in a fresh and lively manner. He became famous in the 1850s for his large oils, and his fame only grew after his death in 1871 of “a liver complaint.” His paintings are exhibited in galleries around the world.

Dr. Roland Sawatzky

Dr. Roland Sawatzky

Curator of History

Roland Sawatzky joined The Manitoba Museum in 2011. He received his B.A. in Anthropology from the University of Winnipeg, M.A. in Anthropology from the University of South Carolina, and Ph.D. in Archaeology…
Meet Dr. Roland Sawatzky

The Passing of Ian Ross

Ian Ross headshot.

The Museum joins the arts community in sharing our deep condolences to the family and friends of Ian Ross. The Governor General’s award-winning Metis-Ojibway playwright was well known for both his significant writing contributions as well as the creation of the popular “Joe from Winnipeg” character.

The Manitoba Museum’s connection to Ian came during the renewal of our beloved Nonsuch Gallery, where Ian was hired to write all of the new narratives that visitors hear when immersed in the gallery. This includes the longer stories presented in the tavern, as well as all of the fun snippets heard as you walk around the gallery. “Ian’s desire for historical accuracy aligned so nicely with mine when reimagining this gallery, and he was so much fun to work with!” says Dr. Amelia Fay, Curator for the Nonsuch Gallery renewal.

The next time you walk through the Nonsuch Gallery, take some extra time to listen to his thoughtful words that he crafted to create the perfect immersive experience.

Image ©MTYP

A Shattered Past and its Future Preservation

Manitoban Emily A. Parker served as a Nursing Sister during the First World Warthe recent discovery of her nursing cape in the Manitoba Museum collection is bringing her story back to life through careful conservation efforts.

A vintage sepia photograph of a young woman wearing a collared shirt. The image is vignetted in a 3/4 shot. A handwritten signature on the lower right side reads, "Campbell's Winnipeg".

Lieutenant Emily A. Parker, originally from Morden, Manitoba, served as a Nursing Sister in No. 10 Canadian General Hospital in Brighton, England in 1917.  After the war she returned to Canada where she resumed her role as a school nurse for the Winnipeg School Division. Parker’s contributions to the war effort were recently brought to light when Curator of Human History, Dr. Roland Sawatzky, discovered Parker’s nursing cape within our collection during his research on women in war.

The cape is composed of a beautiful navy wool exterior that is lined with red silk and fastens at the neck with a chain connecting two gold-coloured lion’s heads.  This is an amazing object for the quality of materials used and depicts a vibrant story of the contribution women made to the medical field during the war.  Unfortunately, with time and other factors, the silk on the interior of the cape shattered along the hemline and showed significant losses around the neck.

 

Image: Portrait of Emily A. Parker – Courtesy of HSC Archives/Museum

Silk is a particularly tricky textile to repair because not all manufacturers used the same process to create the fabric. The weighted feeling of silk as you hold it in your hands is a result of adding metallic salts during the manufacturing process which can contain undesirable chlorides. The chlorides, in addition to poor storage, accelerate the damage with time and can create a shattered appearance in the fabric.

Despite the finnicky nature of silk, I recently undertook the treatment of the cape in the conservation lab for display in November 2026. Silk crepeline netting was carefully stitched overtop of the damaged areas, the hemline was stitched back into position using the original needle holes, and a support backing was used to stabilize areas of loss.

Close up on the inner collar of a red and black cape. The red silk has shattered, or torn, revealing the inner fabric and strained stitches.

Detail of shattered silk on the collar of cape before treatment. © Manitoba Museum

Close up on three plastic sewing clips holding in place the backing on the torn hemline of a black cape with a red silk inner lining.

Preparing backing material to repair silk hem. © Manitoba Museum

Close-up on the inner collar of a black cape with a red silk lining. Fine crepeline netting has been carefully sewn over a shattering, or tearing, of the silk to prevent further damage.

Netting carefully stitched over silk to protect from further damage. © Manitoba Museum

As stewards of the belongings found in our collections, it is important to preserve objects like Emily Parker’s cape, as they offer insights into the story of an individual or time that could otherwise be lost to the past.

A black or dark navy cape with a red silk lining laid out on a white surface. At the collar is a gold chain and fasteners.

Although Emily’s cape won’t be on display until November 2026, I invite you to visit the Manitoba Museum to explore other Manitoban stories, including the story of Robert Jamerson, who served in the famous all-Black No. 2 Construction Battalion during the First World War, and his son Frank, who served in the Second World War. This temporary exhibit, Father and Son in Service, will be on display until November 30.

 

Plan your visit today

 

Image: Emily A. Parker’s WWI nursing cape.© Manitoba Museum

Carolyn Sirett

Carolyn Sirett

Senior Conservator

Carolyn Sirett received her B.A. in Anthropology from the University of Manitoba, Diploma in Cultural Resource Management from the University of Victoria, and Diploma in Collections Conservation and Management…
Meet Carolyn Sirett