Inspiring Daphne Odjig mural back to its original glory

Inspiring Daphne Odjig mural back to its original glory

When people ask me what inspired me to work in the museum field, I can pinpoint my answer to a single visit to The Manitoba Museum when I was twelve years old. That summer we spent our vacation touring around Manitoba on day trips, packed into our Pontiac 6000 station wagon, visiting small local museums and landmarks that set one little town apart from the next (here’s looking at you, Sara the Camel!). On the roster of things to see was The Manitoba Museum of Man and Nature (as it was called back then). Thanks to my babysitting job, I was armed with a newly purchased camera and ready to capture every moment of our visit. Rounding the corner away from the bison that greeted us in the first gallery, I stopped. There it was, colourful and bold, larger than life. The mural. Snapping a photo, I decided at that moment, I needed to work at a museum. I still can’t say for certain what it was about that mural that led me to this epiphany, but twenty years later, here I am, working at the museum, blogging about it.

Daphne Odjig, a Potawatomi artist from Ontario, was commissioned to paint the mural, “The Creation of the World”, in 1972 as part of the Earth History gallery. Odjig was living in Manitoba at the time and later went on to cofound the Professional Native Indian Artists Incorporated with artists such as Jackson Beardy, whose works also appear at The Manitoba Museum. As I studied Odjig’s larger oeuvre in university, I came to appreciate the uniqueness of “The Creation of the World”, both in its subject matter and execution. Odjig’s paintings often depict human relationships, focusing on mothering, with images composed of darker, more muted colours bordered by softer lines while still harkening to the Woodlands School style “Creation” celebrates.

Forty-two years on display had begun to show on the face “The Creation of the World”…pencil marks, gouges from countless strollers crashing into the curved wall, cracks from the shifting plywood have marred the surface of Odjig’s beautiful contribution to the museum. On Valentine’s Day, art conservator Radovan Radulovic and his assistant Vitaliy Yatsewych began a three day restoration of the mural, a process of cleaning, filling in holes, and painting. Radulovic describes the work as trial and error; creating a colour by mixing acrylic paints, painting a spot, letting it dry, deciding if the colour matches the original and starting again, if necessary. The aforementioned cracks, however, are impossible to repair without going in behind the mural or removing it altogether. For the time being, Radulovic and Yatsewych, by all accounts, have brought “Creation” back to its former glory. The addition of a rail guard will prevent errant strollers and carts from damaging the mural and new exhibit panels will put further emphasis on this cherished piece.

A brightly coloured wall mural on a concave wall. Stantions are set up in front of it with lights on tripods, so facilitate the conservators' work.

Work begins on the mural.

Close-up from behind and to the side on a person holding a paint palette and a paintbrush, touching up a orange portion of the mural.

Conservator Radovan Radulovic works on large crack in mural.

A tray of paint pots in a range of bright colours, with greens, reds, blues, browns, yellows, and more.

A paintings conservator’s tool kit.

Close up on a person's hands as they mix a custom teal blue-green colour of paint on a board.

Vitaliy Yatsewych mixes colours to create the perfect match.

A person painting a very small test spot on a portion of medium blue on the mural.

Yatsewych tests out the colour he created on the mural.

The retouched "Creation of the World" mural, in bright colours on a concave curved wall.

The finished product.

Have a good look at “The Creation of the World” the next time you visit The Manitoba Museum. Marvel at its scale. Absorb the colours. Take a photo. Appreciate its creator and those who continue to preserve it for future museum-goers (so, don’t touch it, ok?).

Cortney Pachet

Cortney Pachet

Collections Technician – Human History

Cortney Pachet started working at the Manitoba Museum in 2001 as a tour guide while earning her a BA (Honours) from the University of Winnipeg. She quickly realized that she wanted a career in museums…
Meet Cortney Pachet

Smile Big for the Camera

Okay, so artifacts can’t really smile but they are regularly involved in photo shoots, and with the right photographer these pieces of history can really shine.

One way we preserve our collections is by properly documenting the artefacts through photography. We can then use these photos for research, exhibits, publications, and to provide a visual in our database.

Taking pictures of artifacts is not easy. You’d think it would be because the thing doesn’t move around like a human or animal subject, but trust me when I say it’s not. That’s why I hire a professional to assist when I want high-quality photographs of the HBC Museum Collection.

Rob Barrow is a Winnipeg photographer with extensive experience running photo shoots for artifacts. Recently I asked him to come in to snap some pictures of artifacts that are currently on display in the HBC Gallery since the cases were being opened for regular cleaning and maintenance.

Although I know artifacts aren’t the only thing Rob photographs, he has a real knack for this. He gets the lighting just right, knows where to zoom in for some detailed shots, and can even make the most mundane piece shine like a star. He might even put the artifacts at ease…although I have yet to hear him utter cliche phrases like “work it, work it” or “you’re a tiger” but maybe he waits until I’m gone to offer such motivation. As someone who speaks to the artifacts in her collection I am not judging one bit!

Check out these recent photos and see for yourself.

A pair of binoculars set on the objective lens.

Binoculars that belonged to George Simpson McTavish Jr., Chief Factor for HBC in 1880s.

A cubic-based clear glass bottle coming to a corked neck at the top.

A cubic-based clear glass bottle coming to a corked neck at the top.

Close-up on the deatils of a woven fabric in red, blue, green, cream, and white.

Detailed shot of ceintre fleeche owned by Jean Baptiste Lagimodiere (1778-1855).

Close up on a painting of running bison. In the background a rider on a horse chases some distant bison.

Detailed shot of bison in one of Peter Rindisbacher’s paintings (ca. 1822-1824).

Dr. Amelia Fay

Dr. Amelia Fay

Curator of Anthropology & the HBC Museum Collection

Amelia Fay is Curator of Anthropology and the HBC Museum Collection at the Manitoba Museum. She received her BA in Anthropology from the University of Manitoba (2004), an MA in Archaeology…
Meet Dr. Amelia Fay

A lichen by any other name would be just as confusing

Scientists have spent many decades arguing with each other about lichens. It’s a plant! No, it’s a fungus! No, it’s an alga. It’s a fungus parasitizing an alga. No, it’s an alga parasitizing a fungus! Nobody’s parasitizing anybody! They’re living in harmony like a bunch of hippies in a commune! I prefer to think of a lichen as an organism with an identity crisis. No wait, that’s not very flattering. Perhaps they are more like legless organism support groups. Or maybe they’re akin to exclusive nightclubs with a “no animals allowed” sign on the door.

Green and yellow lichen growing on the bark of an oak tree.

Lichens growing on a rocky surface.

A cluster of flat-topped mushrooms growing directly off the trunk of a tree.

For a long time no one knew anything about the true nature of lichens. Back in the days before microscopes the only organisms that people could see were creatures that moved (animals) and creatures that didn’t move (plants). Fungi and lichens could not move and were thus considered “plants” albeit unusual ones as they were not green.

Eventually scientists began to realize that the natural world was much more complex than they could possibly have imagined. After microscopes were invented they realized that there were lots of “mini-organisms” and eventually a third Kingdom, the Protista, was proposed. However, it wasn’t until 1969 that Robert Whittaker’s five kingdom classification that considered “fungi” to be separate from plants, was published in the journal “Science”. When The Manitoba Museum opened in 1970, fungi were still broadly considered by the public to be “plants” as most biology textbooks did not incorporate the new five kingdom classification right away. This system of classification is still referred to in some of the Museum’s older galleries such as the “Lichens: The Good Partners” exhibit in the Arctic-Subarctic Gallery. A lack of funding for gallery renewal has prevented us from updating these old exhibits.

Image: Fungi were still considered to be primitive plants when the Museum first opened.

In reality, lichens cannot be classified as anything because they are composite organisms containing species from (probably) four different kingdoms. The scientific name of the lichen is based on the name for the fungal host (Kingdom Fungi) but lichens also contains photosynthetic organisms called “photobionts”. The photobiont is usually a green alga (Kingdom Plantae) but sometimes a golden or brown alga (Kingdom Chromista) or a cyanobacteria (Kingdom Bacteria). Some lichens, like the dog lichens (Peltigera spp.), have both green algae and cyanobacteria in them (it’s the party spot of the lichen world cause the cyanobacteria mix a mean nitrogen smoothie!). Some biologists even consider lichens as “self-contained mini-ecosystems”.

Lichens growing on a rocky surface.

You’d think with our high powered microscopes, fancy computers, and DNA analysis that we would have this classification thing all worked out. But the more things change the more they stay the same, and scientists are still arguing about how we should classify the organisms on our planet. Whatever we decide call them, there’s one thing for certain-the lichens are completely indifferent to our puzzlement over their true nature.

Dr. Diana Bizecki Robson

Dr. Diana Bizecki Robson

Curator of Botany

Dr. Bizecki Robson obtained a Master’s Degree in Plant Ecology at the University of Saskatchewan studying rare plants of the mixed grass prairies. After working as an environmental consultant and sessional lecturer…
Meet Dr. Bizecki Robson

National Anthropology Day

By Maureen Matthews, past Curator of Cultural Anthropology 

 

Today is National Anthropology Day and as the Museum’s Anthropologist, I have been participating in a number of public events. Most recently I assisted with one of three winning designs in this year’s Warming Huts Competition, organized annually by the University of Manitoba, School of Architecture. This entry, Recycled Words, is the work of KANVA, a team of young architects in Montreal. These are the ski/chairs you see down on the Riverwalk, each painted a bright salmon pink with two words stenciled on each so that at rest the chairs can be used like fridge-magnet words to create little sentences. My contribution was the words on the chairs. Because we could use so few words and because the idea was to combine them to make little thoughts, I made up a list of words that do double duty as nouns and verbs, words like canoe, skate, ski, etc. We added place names, a few connecting words and some French words as well.

Maureen Matthews, bundled up in winter clothes, standing outside on a cleared forzen river path beside a number of red chairs with skiis along their feet. On the two chairs closest to her, the words "Goonika" and "Gisinaa" are written on the chair backs.

Because I work with Anishinaabe people to emphasize the importance of the Anishinaabe language, I made sure, in addition to words like Métis, Cree and Ojibwe, that we included Anishinaabe words. Anishinaabe was beyond the letter limit for the chairs as were a great many other appropriate Anishinaabe words but there are two: Gisinaa (It is very cold) and Goonika (There is a lot of snow). The Ojibwe words were very efficient for this purpose. Because of the structure of the language, one word contains the elements of an entire sentence in English, so one chair is a sentence all by itself. The chairs project thus takes advantage of the “talents” of both language families. In French and English you could say that the kind of sentences which can be constructed are endless– in Anishinaabemowin there is no end to the words that can be created – each word as the famous linguist Edward Sapier used to say, a “tiny imagist poem.”

This week I have had visitors here from Arviat and when I told them about my Anishinaabe contribution to the chairs, they laughed because one of the words sounds like Inuktitut for “someone is kissing someone” – appropriate I suppose since it was Valentine’s Day.

 

Links:

KANVA website

CTV News report on the chairs

American Anthropological Association contacts

http://bit.ly/NationalAnthropologyDay

Social Hashtag: #nationalanthropologyday

Tag AAA on Twitter (@AmericanAnthro) and

Facebook (American Anthropological Association) and we’ll share your posts.

Public Archaeology Press

By Kevin Brownlee
Past Curator of Archaeology

Over the course of the past year I have been involved with a few publications highlighting Archaeology. Each is quite different, from public outreach to academic article to education online resources.

The first is a book published by the Manitoba Museum called Stories of the Old Ones from the Lee River, Southeastern Manitoba: The Owl Inini, Carver Inini and Dancer Ikwe (2014). The publication is the result of many years of work by the Museum and our community partner Sagkeeng First Nation. The lead author E. Leigh Syms retired Curator of Archaeology along with a diverse group of contributors including the late Elder Mark Thompson. The book is publically written and includes over 150 images, maps, drawings and paintings. I was the project manager for the publication.

Buy a copy from the Manitoba Museum Gift Shop.

 

The second publication is an academic journal article on quartz characterization which examines artifacts from the Manitoba Museum collection in relation to quartz quarries documented in northern Manitoba. The article was published in the prestigious journal Archaeometry vol 56, issue 6 pages 913-926 (December 2014). The results indicate quartz from quarries on Granville Lake were transported up to 200km away. The lead author is a brilliant young PhD, Rachel ten Bruggencate who worked on the Granville Lake Social Science and Humanities Research Council Project that was run through the Museum. Read the abstract online.

The last publication was an online resource put together by the Centre for Research in Young People’s Texts and Cultures the authors on the guide were Margaret Dumas and Deborah Schnitzer. The teachers guide was for the book Pīsim Finds Her Miskanow and written for the Grade 5 Manitoba Curriculum. Find the guide here.

Public Archaeology – What Should have been in The News

By Kevin Brownlee
Past Curator of Archaeology 

Open pages of the book Pīsim Finds her Miskanow showing text with diagrams, and artistic illustrations.

Today’s post is a bit of a stretch for the theme public archaeology in the news, since media did not pick up on our recent work. The project most deserving of media attention would be the teaching resources recently released for the book Pīsim Finds her Miskanow. 

Educational resources now available for Pīsim Finds her Miskanow, a nationally awarded publication. The centre for research in young people’s texts and cultures (CRYTC) at the University of Winnipeg has released an 80 page teachers guide available for download on their website. The guide is written for Grade 5 in the Manitoba curriculum. You can also listen to two of the songs from the book, the Paddling Song and the Lullaby. 

Image: Highly illustrated book brings Rocky Cree history to life, now easier to use in the classroom.

Noteworthy Public Archaeology

By Kevin Brownlee
Past Curator of Archaeology 

Open pages of the book Pīsim Finds her Miskanow showing text with diagrams, and artistic illustrations.A number of events have occurred this past year that are noteworthy. The book Pīsim finds her Misknaow won a public communications award from the Canadian Archaeological Association in May 2014. This national award recognizes archaeology publications that engage the general public. 

Two display cases were produced for the Sagkeeng First Nation Heritage Centre. The exhibits were unveiled at the Heritage Centre on May 12, 2014.

Looking into a blue display case shadow box with photographs and illustrations of artifacts as well as descriptive text.

Two Eagles Cache Education Exhibit showcases replica artifacts found with a 4,000 year old ancestor.

Looking into a green display case shadow box with photographs and illustrations of artifacts as well as descriptive text.

Rivermouth Cache Education Exhibit showcases replica artifacts found with two ancestors dating to 450 years ago.

Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something Blue

No, this post isn’t about a wedding, but that old saying works equally as well for our new permanent exhibit leading into the Nonsuch Gallery!

Despite the fact that the Nonsuch is one of our biggest attractions at the museum, some people were missing it entirely due to some poorly positioned carpet arrows and a drab entryway. Last fall I sat down with our amazing designer Stephanie Whitehouse to figure out how to tackle this problem. We decided that we could not only improve the wayfinding to the Nonsuch Gallery and well-hidden bathrooms, but also put more of the HBC Museum Collection on display, win-win!

 

A dark entryway with a sign labeling it as the Nonsuch Gallery.

Here’s what the space looked like before.

Looking down a weaving hallway with two rows of arrows directing visitors both down and up the hallway.

We call this space the “throat” as it funnels you down towards the Nonsuch. The brown colour is definitely a bit drab!

You can see that the black wall with dusty old model of our Parklands Gallery needed an update. And even when you stepped up and looked to the right (towards the Nonsuch) the area was a bit dark and uninviting. No wonder people were turning left and missing it all together!

The finished product is the result of an amazing collaboration between design, productions (carpentry/lighting), conservation, and curatorial.

Now when you emerge from the Boreal Forest Gallery you round the corner and see this:

An open entryway with a two steps going up the the left, and a hallway to the right. Directly in front is an exhibit case with a large wooden steering wheel, ship's bell, and small canon on display. Signs overhead direct visitors right for both the Nonsuch and the bathrooms.

A bright and welcoming display area with directions to the Nonsuch and washrooms very visible!

Looking down a weaving hallway with two rows of arrows directing visitors both down and up the hallway. Lighting casts a blue glow on the main walk way, and illuminated signs direct visitors in the directions of the washrooms.

Watery motion lights, the blue colour carried through, and a nicer approach through the “throat”!

Something Old: the selection of artifacts from the HBC Museum Collection from various ships used by the Company.

Something New: the signage, lights, and new exhibit space.

Something Borrowed: the pipe and pocket telescope in the little cubby are borrowed from the History collection.

Something Blue: the fabulous blue paint colour that takes you all the way to the Nonsuch.

Here are a few pics from our installation day:

Two individuals either side of a wheeled cart prepping two large ships lanterns for display.

Bert and I prepping the lanterns for display.

One individual on a ladder hanging a large ship's lantern for display, while another individual stands nearby working on some electrical wiring.

Carolyn and Sean hanging the lanterns and rigging up the lights.

Three individuals moving together to transfer a large wooden ship's wheel into an exhibit case.

Moving the ship’s wheel into the case.

Two individuals securing the upper right corner of a large sheet of glass on an exhibit case.

Marc and Bert putting the glass in place.

Our lovely designer Steph was behind the lens for these photos, how convenient 😉

Next time you’re at the museum be sure to slow down when you round that corner out of the Boreal Forest Gallery and check out our recent addition!

Shout out to everyone involved:

Stephanie Whitehouse (Designer); Marc Hebert (Carpentry); Carolyn Sirett (Conservation); Bert Valentin (Productions); Sean Workman (Productions); and Holly Durawa (summer intern from U of T’s Museum Studies Program, she assisted with artifact selection and label copy!).

Dr. Amelia Fay

Dr. Amelia Fay

Curator of Anthropology & the HBC Museum Collection

Amelia Fay is Curator of Anthropology and the HBC Museum Collection at the Manitoba Museum. She received her BA in Anthropology from the University of Manitoba (2004), an MA in Archaeology…
Meet Dr. Amelia Fay

1916: Votes for (Some) Women

The Manitoba Museum is planning an exhibit called “Nice Women Don’t Want the Vote”, opening in November, 2015, commemorating the Suffragist movement in Manitoba.  The exhibit will also discuss some of the ways Manitoba and Canada have struggled to provide full voting rights for all its citizens.

History is never neat and tidy, and the history of the franchise (the right to vote) in Canada is about as messy as it comes. While 1916 was a big year for voting rights, Manitoba being the first province in the country to extend the right to vote to women, we do need to remember that this was only for some women.

An old, worn ballot box with a latch for a lock on the front and a slit for votes in the lid. Still faintly visible is the number 105 in red.

In Manitoba, First Nations people living on reserves and receiving an annuity from the Crown were barred from voting until the mid-20th Century. Indeed, from Confederation on, both provincial and federal voting rights for First Nations were curtailed and cut off until, by 1919, no First Nations people living on reserves were allowed to vote in federal elections. In Manitoba, the Treaty population, both men and women, were only enfranchised in 1952, a full 36 years after the vote was extended to women from newcomer populations. In 1960 the House of Commons gave First Nations the right to vote for the first time federally, with no restrictions. For many years before this, First Nations people could only attain the right to vote if they gave up their rights ensured under Treaty.

The women who fought for the vote in 1916 seem to have completely ignored the issue of voting restrictions on First Nations men and women. Through our research we have come across no references to the issue, and the silence is telling. Canada was dominated by a British population who considered themselves an extension of the British Empire. The leaders of the women’s suffrage movement were largely of this background, as were most of the followers of the movement. Voting rights for First Nations were just not on the radar.

Likewise, some of the women involved in the Suffragist movement debated granting the vote to immigrant women (those not born in the United Kingdom). It must be noted that this was occurring during the height of the First World War, when anti-foreign sentiment was running hot, and any ideology that was perceived as a threat to the Empire (like giving immigrants the vote) had little chance of passing through the corridors of power. Mennonites and Doukhobors, for example, had their right to vote rescinded in 1917-18 because of their refusal of military service.

Enfranchisement, the right to vote in a democratic society, has only in the last 50 years been seen as a general right of all adults in Canada. Before this, it was a slow crawl to full suffrage. In 1867, only 11% of the population could vote, and these were almost exclusively white males that owned a certain amount of property or cash. Even before this, Catholics, non-British immigrants, Jacobites (!), Jews and First Nations were excluded in one way or another from voting in different parts of Canada. The vote was also denied to Asians in British Columbia until 1948, and to women in Quebec until 1940. The geographical isolation of some groups in the north until the second half of the 20th century also hindered them from exercising their right to vote.

As we work to create this exhibit, we hope that Manitobans continue to contact us with artefacts, stories and opinions about the right to vote for women in Manitoban history.

Dr. Roland Sawatzky

Dr. Roland Sawatzky

Curator of History

Roland Sawatzky joined The Manitoba Museum in 2011. He received his B.A. in Anthropology from the University of Winnipeg, M.A. in Anthropology from the University of South Carolina, and Ph.D. in Archaeology…
Meet Dr. Roland Sawatzky

Scientific Jargon: Translated

While proofreading a scientific journal article I recently wrote, I found myself thinking “wow, this is really boring!” Scientists always write their journal articles in technical, impartial terms so as to sound as objective as possible. That’s part of the reason why scientific conferences are so enjoyable; you often get an opportunity to find out about the real problems scientists encountered while trying to conduct their field research. That got me thinking – what if scientists wrote the blunt, honest truth about our field research experiences instead of the dry, dispassionate scientific jargon that we feel compelled to write? So for your benefit here are some of the things a scientist might write in a journal article and what it might have actually meant.

Woman kneeling in a wild prairie and closely examining yellow flowers for pollinating insects.

Due to a technical error, some data was unusable.
Translation: I dropped my portable computer in a swamp.

The first attempt at relocating the rare species was unsuccessful.
Translation: I couldn’t figure out how to use my new GPS.

The second attempt was also unsuccessful.
Translation: We couldn’t find the #$%&* thing!

The plant was located on the third field visit.
Translation: The guy we hired to pilot the boat found it.

Wildlife interference prevented collection of additional data.
Translation: A polar bear tried to eat me.

View over a field where cows are grazing towards storm clouds brewing in the distance.

Voucher specimens of most insect species observed were collected.
Translation: The wily ones got away.

Collection locations are correct within a 1-km radius.
Translation: The batteries in my GPS died half way through the hike. The spares didn’t work either.

Images from the field trip were unrecoverable.
Translation: I forgot to put the memory card in my camera.

The maximum amount of time I could spend surveying was four hours.
Translation: I spent the other four hours getting my flat tire fixed.

Data from one of the plots could not be collected.
Translation: Rabbits ate the plants I was studying.

Due to inclement weather, the survey was not completed.
Translation: I was afraid of getting struck by lightning because I was carrying a metal hiking pole.

Now you might think I’m joking but some of the things I mentioned really happened either to me or someone I know. Guess which ones! So remember if you are ever reading something written by a scientist, there’s often a much more interesting story behind it than anyone will ever know.

Dr. Diana Bizecki Robson

Dr. Diana Bizecki Robson

Curator of Botany

Dr. Bizecki Robson obtained a Master’s Degree in Plant Ecology at the University of Saskatchewan studying rare plants of the mixed grass prairies. After working as an environmental consultant and sessional lecturer…
Meet Dr. Bizecki Robson